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Composite Directional Couplers

Directional couplers are fundamental building blocks in integrated photonics, enabling interference, power splitting, and unitary operations on quantum states of light

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Directional couplers are fundamental building blocks in integrated photonics, enabling interference, power splitting, and unitary operations on quantum states of light.

 

However, their performance is often limited by extreme sensitivity to fabrication imperfections, which degrade circuit fidelity.

 

In our group, we pioneered a new approach that overcomes this limitation by dividing the coupler into carefully engineered segments whose errors destructively interfere. This composite design, inspired by composite pulse techniques in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), dramatically enhances robustness and precision, paving the way for scalable and fault-tolerant photonic quantum circuits.
 

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Relevant Publication:

  1. Elica Kyoseva, Hadar Greener, Haim Suchowski, "Detuning-modulated composite pulses for high-fidelity robust quantum control", Physical Review A, 100, 032333 (2019). https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.100.032333
     

  2. Hadar Greener, Haim Suchowski, "Composite pulses in N-level systems with SU(2) symmetry and their geometrical representation on the Majorana sphere", J. Chem. Phys. 148, 074101 (2018). Link: https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jcp/article-abstract/148/7/074101/196258/Composite-pulses-in-N-level-systems-with-SU-2?redirectedFrom=fulltext
     

  3. Ido Kaplan, Muhammad Erew, Yonatan Piasetzky, Moshe Goldstein, Yaron Oz, Haim Suchowski, "Segmented composite design of robust single-qubit quantum gates", Physical Review A, 108, 042401 (2023). Link: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.108.042401
     

  4. Ido Kaplan, Haim Suchowski, Yaron Oz, “Correlation thresholds for effective composite pulse quantum error mitigation”, Physical Review A 110 (5), 052614 (2024).
     

  5. Moshe Katzman, Yonatan Piasetzky, Evyatar Rubin, Ben Barenboim, Maayan Priel, Muhammed Erew, Avinoam Zadok, Haim Suchowski, "Robust Directional Couplers for State Manipulation in Silicon Photonic-Integrated Circuits", Journal of Lightwave Technology 40, 7634 – 7639 (2023).
    Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9774914/authors#authors
     

  6. K. Cohen, H. Suchowski, Y. Oz, “Robust Photonic Quantum Gates With A Large Number of Waveguide Segments, Advanced Quantum Technologies, e2500304 (2025).
     

  7. Jonatan Piasetzky, Amit Rotem, Yuval Warshavsky, Yehonatan Drori, Khen Cohen, Yaron Oz, Haim Suchowski, "High fidelity CNOT gates in photonic integrated circuits using composite segmented directional couplers", https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25505

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